such that G has a k-outerplanar embedding. We show how to compute the
outerplanarity index of an n-vertex planar graph in O(n^2) time,
improving the previous best bound of O(k^3 n^2).
We also give a linear-time 4-approximation algorithm for the same
problem and show how this can be used to solve maximum independent set, minimum dominating set and several other NP-hard problems faster on planar graphs with outerplanarity indices within a constant factor of their treewidths.