Introducing Accountability in Onion Routing

In this paper, we present a novel protocol that can be used in a conjunction with OR protocols to provide accountability while maintaining the user privacy. To address the problem, we introduce accountability mechanism where any OR node within the built circuit can prove the deniability without possibility of a false accusation.
Even more, non-ensured traceability is achieved with the help of all nodes from which the circuit is built. Furthermore, our protocol does not decrease the performance of the base OR protocol and the storage cost for the evidence records is insignificant.
The proposed protocol protects OR networks such as Tor to be used for illegal and criminal activities and also protects OR node operators to be accused for those. Thus will encourage big organizations to take a part of these networks and support the future growth.