In the EXACUS (exact computation with curves and surfaces) project,
we have
the need for an efficient algorithm for computing the real roots
of polynomials with real coefficients (like 7 or $\pi$ or $\sqrt{19}$.
The Descartes method is an algorithm for isolating the
real roots of square-free polynomials with real coefficients. We assume
that coefficients are given as (potentially infinite) bit-streams. In other
words, coefficients can be approximated to any desired accuracy, but are not
known exactly. We show that
a variant of Descartes algorithm can cope with bit-stream
coefficients. To isolate the real roots of a
square-free real polynomial $q(x) = q_nx^n+\ldots+q_0$ with root
separation $\rho$, coefficients $\abs{q_n}\ge1$ and $\abs{q_i} \le 2^\tau$,
it needs coefficient approximations to $O(n(\log(1/\rho) + \tau))$
bits after the binary point and has an expected cost of
$O(n^4 (\log(1/\rho) + \tau)^2)$ bit operations.
I discuss the background in computational geometry and then discuss Descartes
algorithm. There are no prerequesites in computer algebra.