Jet streams are fast flowing currents of air found in the upper troposphere. Recent research has highlighted their importance in causing surface weather extremes like the Russian heat wave of 2010. Also, climate change is likely to affect the jet streams which might thus change the frequency and intensity of surface extreme weather events. Objective detection of the position of the jet however is not straight forward. In this talk, we present the basics, challenges and first solutions for jet streams extraction and visualization. We provide an introduction into the field of visualization of large, heterogeneous climate data sets, and discuss specific atmospheric research questions as well as upcoming research questions for visualization research.